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By the Numbers: Euro Region, United States and Japan

December 1, 2004

By the Numbers: Euro Region, United States and Japan

(Data are for 2003 unless otherwise noted)

General

Euro Region

  U.S.

  Japan

Population (millions)

308.7  

291.1 

127.6

GDP adjusted for purchasing
power parity (PPP)1

(euro trillions)

7.3  

9.9

3.2

GDP per capita (PPP)
(euro thousands)

23.5  

34.1

25.1

GDP real annual growth rate

0.5%

3.0%

2.4%

Inflation rate
(annual percentage change in consumer prices)

2.1  

2.3 

-0.3 

 

Labor

Labor force
participation rate2

68.6%

75.8%

78.2%

Unemployment rate
(% of labor force, seasonally adjusted)

8.9  

6.0  

5.3 

Labor productivity (PPP)3
(euro area=100)

100.0  

119.7  

88.7 

Labor productivity growth4
(annual percentage change)

0.4  

4.5  

1.0*
 

Value added by

Agriculture, fishing, forestry

2.3%

0.8%

1.3%*

Industry, including construction

26.9%

19.7%

29.1%*

Services, including nonmarket services

70.7%

79.5%

69.6%*
 

Saving, spending and debt

Gross saving (% of GDP)

20.3  

13.5

25.7*

Household saving

(% of gross disposable income)

 14.5*

3.7

13.0*

Government expenditure5

(% of GDP)

49.1  

32.4

39.2*

Government debt6 (% of GDP)

70.7  

62.7

157.6 

 

External

Exports of goods and services
(% of GDP)

18.8  

9.3

12.2

Imports of goods and services
(% of GDP)

17.0  

13.8

10.5

 

Value of the euro: 2001

 

  

0.8956 dollars

108.68 yen
             

October 2004

 

  

1.2490 dollars

135.97 yen

 

Central bank interest rate
(target for overnight lending)

 

 

 

 

(deposit
facility rate)

(federal
funds rate)

(overnight call rate)

October 1, 2000

3.50%

6.50%

  

0.22%

October 1, 2004

1.00%

1.75%

0.001%
 

*2002 data
1 Adjustments for purchasing power parity allow better comparison of economic well-being among countries by factoring in local costs of living as well as foreign exchange rates.
2 Ratio of the labor force to the working age population, aged 15 to 64. United States: the proportion of civilian noninstitutional population aged 16 to 64 either at work or actively seeking work.
3 GDP per person employed.
4 For euro area and Japan, change in real GDP per person employed; for United States, change in GDP per hour worked in private nonagricultural business.
5 European definition also used for United States and Japan.
6 General government consolidated gross debt; includes the sub-sectors of central, state and local government, and social security funds; national data are consolidated between the sub-sectors; GDP at current market prices. From Eurostat.

Sources: ECB Statistics Pocketbook; Eurostat; Bank of Japan

 

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